Electric motor.



No. 868,806. PATENTED oo T. z2, 1907; -o. H. s A. P. HBPR.- ELECTRIC MOTOR.

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if @9 s s QD I No. 868,806. PATENTED 00T.. 22,1907. A '0. H. a; A. F. HEBER.' .ELECTRIC MOTOR.

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116.368,80. A PATENTED 00T. 22,1907.

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ELECTRIC MOTOR. PPLIUATION FILED NOV 25,1905

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UNITED STATESPlIENT OFFICE.

-OSCAR H. PIEPER AND ALPHONSE F. PIEPER, OF ROCHESTER, NEW"`YORK.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 22, 1907'.

Application filed November Z5, 1905. Serial No. 289,14U.

To all whom it may concern:

13e it known that we, Oscnn H. Prnrnn and ALI-neuss F. PIEPER, of Rochester, county of Monroe, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Motors; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description oi the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the specifica tion, and to the reference-numerals marked thereon.

Our present invention relates to electric motors and it has for its object to provide certain improvements therein whereby the parts may be made compact and readily assembled and -adjusted in a casing which completelyincloses them, and it has for its further object to provide an improved form of governing or controlling device to be employed in connection with the motor which will automatically control its speed and which may also be confined within the casing.

To these and other ends the invention consists in certain improvements and combinations of parts all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification. I In the drawings: Figure l is a side elevation showing a motor constructed in accordance with our invention, a portion of the side of the frame or casing being removed to disclose the commutator end of the armature shaft. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 2 2X of Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view. Fig. 4 is a detail view partly in section, showing a portion of the adjusting mechanism of the governing or controlling device. Fig. 5 is a detailsectional view taken on theline 5X 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the shaft bearings, and Fig. 7 is a detail side elevation of one of the brush holders.

Similar reference numerals in the several figures indicate similar par-ts.

-A motor embodying our invention comprises an outer casing or shell l preferably cylindrical in form and provided with a plurality of inwardly extending ribs 2 which are spaced equidistantly and adapted to center' the field magnet 3 which is provided with depressions or recesses receiving the ribs 2, as shown in Fig. 2. The ends 4 of the casing l extend over the sides of the field magnet and are dome-shape, one of the ends indicated by 4, being detachable to permit the removal and insertion of the field magnet. The central portions of the ends are formed by circular head pieces 5, 5', provided with bosses 6 carrying sleeves 7 in which the armature shat't 8 is journaled. The latter isprovidcd at points adjacent the inner sides of the heads with relatively stationary abutments such as collars 9 and 10 which prevent its longitudinal movement by engagement with the proximate ends of the sleeves 7. At the outer ends of cach sleeve a channel l5 is formed in which engages an adjusting member such as 16 of a screw 17 located in a threaded aperture in the corresponding boss 4( and which may be adjusted therein to move its sleeve longitudinally on the armature shaft into engagement with the shafthbutments tollimit the longitudinal movement of the armature. facilitate the application and removal of the sleeves they are provided at the ends of the slots or channels 15 with semicircular recesses or notches 18 which are adjusted into alinement withlthe screw aperture and after the screw has been inserted therein, so that head lies in the channel l5, the sleeves are given a. partial location locking them securely to their respective adjusting members. This is a convenient means of securing the bearing sleeves or bushings as they may be accurately adjusted either inwardly or outwardly by rotating their adjusting members 17 .A

The armature of the motor, indicated by 19, provided at one end With the usual commutator. rings or sections 20 with which coperate the brushes 25-25. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the latter to the correct position on the armature to overcome the disadvantages resulting from sparking, they are srupported upon a segmental arm 26 guided in a way formed on the head 5 to which it is adjustably secured by screws 27 passing through an elongated aperture 28. Each brush is held in a clip or holder 30 which is pivotally secured to the end of the arm 26 by a. post 31 and is operated toward the commutator by a spring 32. The arm 26 and the guide in which it is supported are both formed concentric with the commutator thereby permitting the arm to be rotated and the brushes carried through a Wide angle of movement while in contactwi th the commutator.

The governor or controlling device which I employ and have shown as illustrating my invention is located in proximity to one end of the armature and is preferably carried upon the sleeve 10, secured to the shaft 8, which has an outwardly extending annular flange 35 rigidly supporting an insulated contact plate or ring 36. The sleeve l0 maybe permanently connected to the shaft 8 if desired, but for convenience in assembling the parts connected thereto I prefer to form it separate from the shaft and secure it against rotary movement thereon by providing its inner end with one or more projections 11 which interlock in recesses formed in the end of the usual enlargement l2 on the armature shaft. Mounted on the face of said plate and also insulated therefrom is a second Contact plate or ring 37 and coperating respectively with these rings are brushes 36 37a which are mounted in tubular supports 38 carried on the head 5. Projecting laterally from the respective supports are contact fingers 36b and 37", which-When the head 5 is in normal position, Contact with fingers 36 and 37, projecting laterally from an insulating block 3S) secured at one side of the part 4 of the motor casing, and to which the Wires In order to ber 42 is arranged at one side of the sleeve- 10, and at the other side of the latter are small rigidly projecting i guide arms 43, between which is supported a bar 44, l

connected at its ends, by springs 45, to the projecting i ends of a pin or cross bar 50 secured to the member 42. Resting on the side ofthe sleeve at each side of the arms` 43 are notched or stepped adjusting blocks or slides 51, rigidly supported on the side bf the ring 52, and having their ends projecting beneath the ends of the bar- 44. These blocks or slides are each provided with a plurality of steps a, b and= c, arranged one above the other and adapted, as the block is advanced beneath the bar, to move it outwardly different distances relative the member 42 to increase the tension of springs 45, as will be understood. The ring 52 surrounds the outer end of the sleeve 1Q and is provided with an annular channel in which-rest pins 5,3 in the twoends of a bifurcated adjusting arm 54 which is attached, by means of screws 55, to the end 56 ol a bell crank lever 57, journaled upona bracket 58 within theV end 4( of 'the motor casing. The other end 59 of the bell crank lever projects into a rectangular box portion 60, at one side of the motor casing which is normally closed by a removable cover plate 61 and contains the operating devices for adjusting the governor and controlling the motor circuit. The operating devices comprise a shaf t 62.]'ournaled in the sides of the box, as shown in Fig. 4, having an outwardly extending end provided with an operating knob or handle 63, in which is a spring operated pin 64 having the projecting end coperating with a series of indentations or apertures provided in a plate 65 to temporarily secure the parts in adjusted position, as will be understood.

Arranged upon the shaft 62 is a cam member 70 haw ing. a series of operating shoulders or projections a', b', e, arranged at progressively increasing distances from the shaft which are proportioned relatively to the notches a, b and c on the blocks or slides 51 so that as they successively engage the end 5S) ol the bell crank lever, or the roller 59 located th ereou, the block 51 will be moved a corresponding distance on the sleeve 1l). In rear of each of the projections the cam is provided with shallow recesses 71 which allow the bell crank lever, after it is operated to 4adjust the blocks or slides 5l tothe desired position, to drop backwardly a sufficient distance to remove the adjusting ring 52 from frictions] engagement with the cud of the block, and also to center the pins 53 midway between the side shoulders of the annular recess in the l speed, by a regulation ol' the tension of the springs 45, there is no friction between the relatively stationary parte ol' the adjusting device and those which are mounted on the armature shaft and by restoring the tension devices to their normal position when the motor circuit is broken it is then only possible to start the motor, at some subsequent time, at its lowest nite ol' speed. In order to break the motor circuit, to arrest the motor, only when it is operating at the lowest speed, l provide a movable contact member which is arranged relatively to stationary contacts, included in the motor circuit, which is automatically disengaged y alter the controlling devices are operated to reduce the spoed of the motor to the lowest point. Upon the con` trolling shalt (i2 is a cylindrical insulated contact member T3 having at one side a llat face 73*l whichjs disposed relatively to the cam projections a, b, c', so that when` the cam 7() is in the position shown in Fig. 3 the contact between the member 73 and the spring lingers 36d and 37", projecting thereover, will be broken. To enable the member 73 to be rotated a partial revolution into engagement with the aforementioned contact lingers without imparting any movement to the end 5!) of the bell crank lever, a portion of the cam lying at the buse of the projection a is made concentric with the shaft 62, as indicated by 74.

'llre motor circuit in which the controlling or` governiug devices are arranged is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7, which for the purpose of illustration shows a direct current series type motor comprising the field coils 3 connected to the supply conductor A and which are connected in series with the .armature 19 by cx; tending their terminal 75 to the bruslr25, the other brush 25 being connected indirectly with the other supply wire B'hvhich is attached to'the contact finger 36. The intermediate portion of the circuit comprises the conta-ct finger' 37", the conductor 8O leading therefrom to the contact 36 and the conductor 81 leading from the brush 25'* to the contact linger 37c it being understood that the contact plates or rings 36 and 37 are normally in electrical connection through the points 40 and 4l and that when the brushes 36 and 37" engage said rings their respective arms 36h and 37b engage the contacts 36 and 37" and that the circuit may be opened and closed manually by the rotation of the member 73 into and out of engagement with the spring lingers 3G and 37d.

The operation ol the various parts of the motor constructed iu accordance with my invention will Abe readily understood from the foregoing description. However, when it is desired to regulate the motor, the operator rotates the knob or handle G3 moving the cam 7l) iu the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3, first causing lhc contact member 73 to engage the'fingers 3U" and 3T" when the electric current enters the motor and traverses the following circuit: Conductor field umgnot coils fl, conductor 75, brush 25, when allor traversing llucoils ol' thc armature the current l!) prv cs through the brush 25, colululrtlor Sl, Spring contacts 37C and 9.7", brush 37, ring 37, thence through the conlncl. points llf), lll, ring 36, brush 36, spring con- Iacls Ilo und lili, conductor S0, contar-i. linger 37", the

mornin-r 72?-, und linger 3G (foluplcliug its course through tbc conductor l. When tho cam 70 stands in this position of adjustment the motor is operated at its lowest speed. Any increase thereof over a given nurnber of rotations of the armature shaft per minute causes the contact member 41 to be disengaged from the member 40 to break the motor circuit, until the speed of the armature is reduced when the circuit is automatically closed. If a higher speed is desired the operator may successively rotate one or more of the projections a', b c', beneath the end 59 of the bell crank lever n1oving it outwardly against the tension of its spring 74 to cause the slides 51 to be correspondingly adjusted to l raise the bar 44 and increase the tension of the springs 45 which control the outward movement of the meinber 42 and permit the amature to revolve at a greater speed.

A motor constructed in accordance with my invention may be made'compact and the operating parts being inclosed are protected from accidental injury. The adjustable bearing sleeves for the armature shaft permits the armature to be accurately centered and held against longitudinal movement and further, the sleeves being separate from the supporting frame or casing, they may be readily replaced when they become worn, thus enabling the pole pieces oi' the field magnet to approach very closely to the circumference of the armature.

By arranging the. parts of the governing or controlling mechanism as I have described them, those associated with the sleeve 10 may be assembled thereon and readily secured to the armature shaft in the first in- Stance or detached therefrom for the purpose of repair.

I claim as my invention:

shaft and cooperating with the tension device, means for.

operating it and a -inotor circuit leading to the contact plates.4 h

2. In a controlling device for an electric motor, the coml bination with an armature shaft and contact plates mountcd thereon, of a movable contact member normally connecting said plates, an adjusting member movable longitudinally of the shaft and an extensible tension member operated thereby and connected to the movable contact member; means for operating the adjusting member and a bination with an armature shaft and contact plates inountcd thereon, oi' a movable Contact member normally cnnnccting said plates, an extensible tension device conncctcd to the movable member and comprising a bar arranged transversely of the arniaure shaft and an adjusting inember operating said bar relatively to theA shaft, means for operating the member and a motor circuit leading to tbc contact plates.

ln a controlling device for :in electric motor, the combination with an armature shaft, a sleeve thereon provided with a transversely extending guide, insulated contact plates and a contact member normally connecting them, ot a tension device connected to said member and lying in the guide on the sleeve, an adjusting member supported on the lutter and coperating with the tension device, means for moving said member and a motor circuit leading t0 the contact plates.

d. In un electric motor controller, the combination with an armature shaft, insulated contact plates thereon and a movable member normally connecting them, a tension device connected to the member and a regulating member cooperating with the tension device and provided with a plurality of steps, of adjusting mechanism comprising a cam having shoulders corresponding to the steps on the regulating member, operating connections between the latter and tht` cam and a motor circuit leading to the contact plates.

T. in an electric motor controller, the combination with an armature shaft, contact plates located thereon and a movable contact member normally connecting them, of a tension device connccted to said member, a regulating member copernting therewith and adapted to be moved into diit'crcut positions to adjust the tension device, mechanism for adjusting the regulator comprising,r a. revoluble cum having a plurality of operating projections and provided with recesses in rear thereof and a motor circuit leading to the contact plates.

S. In an electric motor controller, the combinationA with an armature shaft, contact plates located thereon and a movable contact member normally connecting them, a tension device connected to said member and a stepped regulating member copcrating therewith and supported on the armature shaft, of a ring mounted on the latter and engaging the controlling member, an arm cooperating with the ring and a cam engaging the arm having projections corresponding to the steps on the controlling member, means for holding the arm in engagement with the cam and a motor circuit leading to the 'contact plates.-

S). 1n an electric motor con trolier, the combination with a eld, an varmaturennd an armature shaft, of a sleeve removably supported on the shaft, contact plates on the sleeve and a movable member normally connecting them, an extensible tension device connected to the member and a ring mounted on the sleeve, a regulating member carried onthe ring and cooperating with the tension device, means for adjusting the ring and a motor circuit leading to the4 contact plates.

a field, an armature und an armature shaft having a projection thereon, a sleeve on the shaft interlocking with said projection and contact plates supported on the sleeve, of aimovable member normally connecting them arranged at one side of the sleeve, a tension device connected to the member and extending over the other side of the sleeve, and a regulating member 'carried on the sleeve and coperating with the tension device, means for adjusting said member and a motor circuit leading tothe contact plates.

1l. in nn electric motor controller, the combination with :i licld, :in armature and nn armature shaft, asleeve re inovabiy supported on the shaft and contact plates supported on the sleeve, of a contact member normally connocring them, u guide on the sleeve and a tension device connected to the contact mcmbcr having an adjustable part supported in said guide, a ring on the sleeve and regulating member on the ring copcrating with the adjustable part nud extending at opposite sides of the guide, nii-nus for adjusting lbc ring and :L motor circuit lending to tbc contact. plaies.

OSCAR Il. PIEPER. i ALPHONSE F. PIEPER. 

